Acacia catechu

Latin Name: Acacia catechu
English Name: Cutch Tree
Sanskrit / Indian Name: Khadira, Khair

Catechin and catechutanic acid are the major active constituents in the wood extract. Taxifolin, another constituent has antibacterial, anti-fungal, anti- inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Traditionally it is used for the treatment of cough and sour throat. It is useful in dental, oral, and throat infections. Due to its antimicrobial effect considered as valuable ingredient for dental care preparations.

Acacia nilotica

Latin name: Acacia nilotica 
English name : Indian gum Arabic Tree 
Sanskrit / Indian name: Babhul 

The bark from the branches yields 7-12% tannin and is used for asthma, bronchitis diabetes, dysentery, and diarrhea and skin diseases. The stem is used as a toothbrush and the gum for burns. The leaves are useful for eye complaints, headache, throat infections, and urinary problems. It is useful as an external applicant for mouth ulcers.

Achyranthes aspera

Latin name: Achyranthes aspera
English name: Prickly-Chaff Flower
Sanskrit / Indian name: Apamarga

The whole plant contains the alkoloids achyranthine and betaine. It is reported to be pungent, astringent, pectoral and diuretic. It is used as an emmenagogue, and in piles and skin eruptions.

Adhatoda vasica

Latin name: Adhatoda vasica 
English name : Vasaka 
Sanskrit / Indian name: Shwetavasa, Vasa 

Its principal constituent is a quinazoline alkoloid, vasicine. The leaves are rich in Vitamin C and carotene and yield essential oil. It is beneficial in bronchitis. The leaves, flowers, fruits and roots are extensively used for treating cold, cough, whooping cough, chronic bronchitis and asthma. It acts as a sedative-expectorant, antispasmodic and anthelmic. Leaf-juice is stated to cure diarrhea, dysentery and glandular tumor, and, is given as an emmenagogue. The powder reported to be used as a poultice on rheumatic joints, as a counter-irritant on inflammatory swelling, o  n fresh wounds, urticaria and in neuralgia.   It has strong coagulant action which is 
very useful to   minimize blood loss    and also possesses uterine   stimulant activity and acts as 
uterotonic. It is also useful for postpartum hemorrhage.

Aloe vera

Latin name: Aloe vera
English name: Indian Aloe 
Sanskrit / Indian name: Kumari, Korphad 

It contains enzymes, polysaccharides and nutrients which exhibit antibacterial and antifungal action. It also has a natural sunscreen effect that moisturizes the skin. Its principal constituents are the leaves that contain barbaloin, chrysophanol glycoside and the aglicon, aloe-emodin. The leaf juice forms the main source of the drug. Aloes have long been in use for a host   of disease particularly those connected   with the digestive system; they have also
been used for wounds, burns, and dermatitis, cutaneous leishmaniasis and other skin troubles.
It is used in eye troubles, spleen and liver ailments.

Kumari is also known to relieve dysmenorrhoea in young women by expelling uterine debris.

Anacylus Pyrethrum

Latin name: Anacylus Pyrethrum 
English name: Spanish Pellitory 
Sanskrit / Indian name: Akarakarbha, Akkalkadha 

The roots are used in medicine. They contain anacyclin, pellitorine, enntriyne alcohol, hydrocarolin, inulin, traces of volatile oil and (+)-sesamin. The roots possess stimulant and rubifacient properties. It induces heat, tingling and redness when applied to the skin. It works in many oral and dental diseases. Prolonged use in low doses is beneficial for chronic rhinitis. It enhances the function of nervous controls and nerve transmission.

Asparagus racemosus

Latin name: Asparagus racemosus 
English name : Asparagus
Sanskrit / Indian name: Shatavari

The plant is used as a demulcent, diuretic, aphrodisiac, and galactagogue. The root extracts exhibit antiallergic activity. Along with the leaves of Gymnema sylvestre, they are given to diabetic patients.

Azadirachta indica

Latin name: Azadirachta indica
English name : Neem
Sanskrit / Indian name: Nimba

Neem extracts possess anti-diabetic, antibacterial and anti-viral properties. The tree stem, root,and bark possess astringent, tonic and anti-periodic properties. The bark is beneficial in malarial fever and useful in cutaneous diseases.

It is   used for external   application in skin diseases. It   possesses antidandruff,  antibacterial, 
antiviral and fungicidal properties.

Bacopa monnieri

Latin name: Bacopa monnieri
English name: Thyme-Leaved Gratiola
Sanskrit / Indian name: Brahmi

The drug is astringent, bitter and cooling, and, reportedly improves the intellect. It is used in Aurveda for the treatment of asthma, hoarseness, insanity, and epilepsy and is also a potent nerve tonic, cardiotonic, aperient and diuretic. It is reported to improve the intellect, and, acts as anti-anxiety agent. It also calms restlessness in children and is used in several mental disorders.

Bauhinia variegate

Latin name: Bauhinia variegata
English name: Orchid Tree 
Sanskrit / Indian name: Kanchanara / Kovidhara

Its principal constituents are the seeds that yield fatty oil, the bark yields fiber. The bark is astringent, tonic and anthelmintic. It is useful in scrofula and skin diseases. It is also used for ulcers and leprosy. A decoction of the bark is taken for dysentery. The dried buds are used for diarrhea, dysentery and hermorrhids.

Berberis aristata

Latin name: Berberis aristata
English name: Tree Turmeric
Sanskrit / Indian name: Daru haridra

The roots possess antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. The drug is used as cholagogue, stomachic, laxative, diaphoretic, antipyretic and antiseptic. It is administrated externally for painful eye afflictions and hemorrhoids. The root bark is useful in amenorrhoea. It has an essential active ingredient, Berberine, which possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties. It is used in the treatment of leucorrhoea.

Bergenia ligulata / Saxifraga ligulata

Latin name: Bergenia ligulata / Saxifraga ligulata
Sanskrit / Indian name: Pasanbheda

The dried rhizomes constituents the drug that contains an active principle, bergenin, as well as gallic acid, glucose, mucilage and wax. The drug is reported to possess astringent, tonic, antiscorbutic, and laxative properties. It is given in pulmonary affection, dysentery, ulcers, spleen enlargement, cough and fever. It is helpful in dissolving kidney stones.

Boerhaavia diffusa

Latin name: Boerhaavia diffusa
English name: Spreading Hogweed
Sanskrit / Indian name: Punarnava

The roots are credited with anti-convulsant, analgesic, diuretic, laxative and expectorant properties. It has been found to stop internal bleeding. This herb is also known for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, which are comparable to that of ibuprofen. It has also proved useful as a hematinic.

Casearia esculenta

Latin name: Casearia esculenta
Sanskrit / Indian name: Saptarangi

The root and the root bark are extensively used in the indigenous system of medicine as an anti diabetic due to their hypoglycemic activity. The roots are especially in milder chronic diabetic cases. The root contains leucopelargonidin, arabinose, dulcitol.

Cassia angustifolia Vahl.

Latin name: Cassia angustifolia Vahl.
English name: Tinnevely Senna
Sanskrit / Indian name: Markandik, Sonamukhi

Sennosides are the compound found in leaves, pods and in flowers has laxative properties. Leaves contain glycosides, sennoside A, sennoside B, sennoside C and sennoside D. Two naphthalene glycosides have been isolated from leaves and pods. Senna also contains the yellow flavonol coloring matter kaempferol, its glucoside kaempferin and isorhamnetin.

Cassia fistula

Latin name: Cassia fistula
English name: Indian Laburnum
Sanskrit / Indian name: Aragvadha

It is a safe purgative given even to pregnant women. The pulp is also given to biliousness and in disorders of the liver. It is applied in gout and rheumatism. It is utilized in blood poisoning, anthrax and dysentery, also given in leprosy and diabetes and for removal of abdominal obstructions. It is used in the treatment of varicose veins. It helps in shrinking engorged veins and has a powerful anti-inflammatory effect.